Bobby Marsh wrote this article, from
the Brooklands Museum archive, about his pioneering work at the
A&AEE, Boscombe Down...
The function of the Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment
is to flight test military aircraft and their armament systems in order
to approve them for use by the Services after the contractor has
carried out his own development testing. The flight tests at the
A&AEE include the functioning of the complete weapon system and
the measurement of the aircraft's performance in its various
configurations.
Prior to World
War II, when based at RAF Martlesham Heath on the east coast and before
they moved to Boscombe Down on Salisbury Plain, the unit was
particularly involved in the comparative assessment of prototype
aircraft submitted by contractors in response to Government
specifications.
Flight
Testing Early Jets
Production orders were greatly influenced by the results of
these trials hence a lot was at stake for the contractors. For example,
if contractor A's aircraft was a few knots faster than contractor B's
as measured by the A&AEE this could have a profound influence
on who won the contract.
The
performance flight tests were inevitably carried out in varying
atmospheric conditions which had a marked effect on the observed
results. Accordingly there was an agreed method of reducing the flight
results to those achievable in an internationally recognised standard
atmosphere. This universally accepted reduction method was based on
laws peculiar to the internal combustion piston engine and was not
appropriate to the turbo-jet engine. Consequently the advent of the
prototype De Havilland Vampire and Gloster Meteor for evaluation at
Boscombe called for the development of new methods of performance
reduction and test techniques. This work was initiated by the
small, select Research Section at Boscombe under Dr Cameron, in
consultation with the 'boffins' at the Royal Aircraft Establishment at
Farnborough.
To support some of
the theory, flight measurements were required involving more parameters
than those normally displayed to the pilot. In those days the flight
instrument readings were recorded by the pilots and/or flight test
observers by hand on a knee pad or a clip board. There was a need to
carry a flight observer to obtain the required data so it was decided
to modify the Meteor 1 prototype, EE212, at Boscombe using the space
behind the cockpit designated for the ammunition for the four 20 mm
cannon. This space was provided with an illuminated instrument panel,
featuring mainly engine parameters, and a seat for the observer.
Having been involved with the flight test evaluation of the
first jets at Boscombe, and being small in stature, I was elected to
make the first flight in the observer's compartment. I recollect that
entry was through the ammunition hatch in the fuselage centre section.
The compartment was cramped and dark with only the light from the panel
of instruments. The flight took place on August 9th 1945. The pilot was
Squadron Leader KJ Sewell AFC DFM, known by us as Pop Sewell. (Pop
Sewell played a leading role as an instructor in the early days of the
Empire Teat Pilots' School at Boscombe and sadly lost his life flying a
Pembroke aircraft at the School). Pop seemed to relish giving the
'civvy boffins' a robust ride on occasions, and this was no exception.
The flight lasted half an hour and involved some fairly enthusiastic
aerobatics. I recall blacking out under 'g' and for the first time in
my four years flight testing at Boscombe I felt very air sick. I was
extricated after the flight and I think Pop was a but surprised to
learn that the compartment was still 'clean'!
Having been involved in the flight testing of the first jets
to arrive at Boscombe, I was privileged to be the 'boffin' on tropical
trials which took place in November 1945 (probably as a treat after my
flight in the Meteor!). We travelled out in the Boscombe converted
Liberator bomber stopping off at Tripoli and Cairo. The accommodation
in the Liberator was pretty 'Spartan', with flight durations of up to
nine hours on a flask of coffee and the odd sandwich. On the return we
had stocked up with loads of dates and tangerines picked off the trees
which, combined with the North African chemical beer, completely
overwhelmed the 'Elsan' by the rear access door. The HM Customs officer
summoned to clear us at Boscombe thought better about inspecting the
contents of our aircraft before we disembarked, so we unloaded our
various 'souvenirs', including my live desert lizards, unhindered. It
was a fitting end to an enjoyable and successful exercise with
technical significance.