Brian Buss continues from NL58 his memoir on working at Kingston in the ’60s……
On leaving Hawker I went to Redifon as a fill-in job to give me
time to consider my future. The Company was certainly not a happy one,
run by accountants and having little idea of the new field of
technology it had entered. The turnover of skilled engineers was quite
tremendous so, based on my previous experience with the aircraft
industry, I came to the conclusion that perhaps I should look at what
the upcoming space industry had to offer.
I certainly was not
disappointed at DH Propellers. I was placed on the design of the
re-entry vehicle for the Blue Streak ballistic missile, a vehicle that
no other UK company had ever before had reason to design. However, my
delight was soon dashed when the government terminated the project. It
did however raise my interest in space enough to join the HSA Advanced
Project Group.
I had heard that Dr William Frank Hilton had recently set up an
astronautics group at Kingston. Following the cancellation in 1959 of
the Avro Canada Arrow all-weather, twin engined, supersonic fighter,
Sir Roy Dobson, Chairman of Hawker Siddeley Aviation, became concerned
about the break-up of the design team and persuaded many members to
come or return to England and join an Advanced Project Group (APG) at
Kingston which Dr Hilton’s group became part of. The APG was housed at
the rear of Hawker’s Richmond Road plant, then part of Hawker Siddeley
Aviation, and I applied to join his section.
The interview was more like an informal chat because Doc Hilton, as
he was always called, could never stay on the same subject for more
than a couple of minutes. He was a small rotund man, with glasses and
an impish face, who appeared gentle and pleasant. He gave me the
impression that he thought up a new idea every five minutes but never
insisted or demanded that it should be investigated further. Later I
was to find out how correct this impression was. At the end of the chat
I assumed that I had been accepted and, sure enough, an offer arrived
for me to become a project engineer within his team.
The APG was within a large modern building looking
towards the River Thames. The astronautics section was on the ground
floor in an open plan office whilst the aircraft section was on the
floor above. Most of the time I was there this section was considering
supersonic passenger aircraft, some based on the swing-wing concept.
About this time HSA, along with the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC),
was given a joint feasibility study to consider the fuselage-wing
combination, from which BAC’s approach was adopted leading eventually
to the Concorde. Subsequently the aircraft section within APG was
disbanded.
Dr Hilton’s staff numbered about thirteen plus
himself and a secretary. There seemed to be no plan of activity,
everyone was ‘doing their own thing’. Most were scientifically
qualified with only two who possessed some engineering background.
It was like a home for those who wished to pursue their own wild,
space-related ideas. Amongst the staff there were two mathematicians
writing and testing computer programmes for others in the group,
several were concerned with various orbits and there was an electronics
engineer from Mullard. I took a couple of weeks to acquaint myself with
their activities and having received no firm instructions about what I
should do, despite asking Doc Hilton many times, I suggested that the
section should meet regularly to define where it was going and what it
should do. At first nobody could see the need for this but only after
my persistent nagging, and warnings that at some point the HSA
hierarchy would ask what we had been up to, did they at last begin to
agree.
Doc Hilton was, of course, in the chair at the first
meeting but all he wanted to do was float more ideas for any of his
staff to take up if they wished. I tried desperately and repeatedly to
bring some order to the chaotic situation by suggesting a programme
which some or all of us could work towards, but with little success.
Part of my proposal was to produce outline designs of communication
satellites for use in elliptic orbits which Doc Hilton was pushing so
hard in all the numerous papers he wrote and lectures he gave.
Most, except electronics engineer John Millburn, gave only lip
service to my proposal and obviously did not wish to be distracted from
their own personal interests despite my warnings that there would be a
day of reckoning. John and I went away from the meeting with the idea
that the group might become interested in my suggestions and, in
addition, produce regular progress reports which would at least show
management what and how we were doing.
It did in fact interest others in the group who were wrestling
with a series of folding solar cell panels to provide the electrical
energy for a communication satellite. Sam Dauncey came in one day with
a sensible suggestion which John and I incorporated in a paper
presented at a conference and published in 1961in the journal of the
British Institute of Radio Engineers. This, I recall, was the only real
piece of constructive work I undertook at the APG, apart from trying to
develop layouts for a series of communication satellites.
There were occasions when I considered that I was
wasting my time and should yet again move on, but fate was taking a
hand in my affairs. In 1960-61 de Havilland Aircraft became part of HSA
and when it had had time to digest what it had taken on it realised
that it had two astronautics groups, one in London under Geoffrey
Pardoe (DH) and one in Kingston under Doc Hilton (HSA).
The rumours soon circulated about integration and possible
redundancies. Knowing Geof Pardoe from my days with Blue Streak it was
clear to me who would lead the combined group. Sometime in the Autumn
of 1961 the APG astronautics section was transferred to Hawker Siddeley
Dynamics at Welkin House in London; along with me. When none of the
aircraft projects at APG generated interest and we could not convince
the GPO to spend money on us to consider communication satellites (it
just bought US channels at knocked down prices from Hughes rather than
advance UK technology), APG was disbanded.
In late 1961 I joined DH Aircraft as a Space
Research Engineer trying desperately to sell Blue Streak as the main
launch vehicle for communication satellites funded by the
European Launcher Development Organisation (ELDO) and the European
Space Research Organisation (ESRO).
In the HSA reorganisation I soon became part of Hawker Siddeley
Dynamics Ltd based in London. It was extremely interesting and allowed
me to contact and visit so many different European companies. But
eventually this had to come to an end and my work for the Hawker
Siddeley was finished.